1.1 Kev poob ntawm vitamin kub, siab, txhuam thiab noo noo yuav ua rau poob ntawm vitamin. Cov tub ntxhais kawm Asmeskas tau tshaj tawm tias qhov poob ntawm VA, VD, folic acid, ammonium mononitrate thiab ammonium hydrochloride yog 11% thiab 17%, feem ntau, thiab cov poob ntawm VK thiab VC tau 50% nyob rau hauv kev noj mov, thaum poob hauv cov tawv pellet pub kuj tau txo los ntawm ib nrab. Leng Yongzhi li al. pub zaub mov noj nrog cov khoom noj khoom haus tsis muaj zaub mov noj txhua yam. Lub cev ntsa iv los ntawm cov neeg muaj mob ntses ntawm cov ntses yog kwv yees los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov vitamin uas muaj cua sov hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm cov khoom noj.
1.2 Kub siab tshaj plaws kev poob ntawm enzymes nyob rau hauv enzyme npaj yog 35-40 C, thiab qhov siab tshaj plaws yog tsis ntau tshaj 50 C. Txawm li cas los, qhov kub nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm extrusion thiab granulation ncav 120-150 C, nrog high humidity ( ua rau cov dej muaj dej ntau hauv kev pub), kev kub siab (hloov pauv ntau lub qauv ntawm ntau hom proteins enzymes thiab denaturing), nyob rau hauv xws li cov kev mob, kev ua rau ntau hom kev enzyme yuav poob tag. Raws li Coman tsab ntawv ceeb toom, qhov ciaj nqi ntawm kev kho tsis tau glucanase hauv pub tsuas yog 10% tom qab granulation ntawm 70 C; tus ciaj sia ntawm kev kho glucanase yog 64% tom qab txias ntawm 75 C rau 30 vib nas this, thaum lub sij hawm ciaj sia yog tsuas yog 19% tom qab granulation ntawm 90 C, thiab cov kev ua ntawm phytase txo los ntawm ntau tshaj 50% tom qab granulation ntawm 70 - 90 C .
1.3 Tam sim no, cov neeg siv tshuaj microbial siv rau hauv cov khoom noj muaj xws li lactobacillus, streptococcus, poov xab thiab bacillus. Cov kab mob microbial yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nkag siab kub. Thaum ntsuas kub ntawm extrusion granulation ntau tshaj li 85 C, lawv cov kev ua si yuav poob tag.
1.4 Cov protein ntau thiab cov amino acid thaum lub sij hawm extrusion ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv Maillard ntawm kev txo cov suab thaj thiab dawb amino acid, uas txo cov kev siv qee cov protein. Tsis tas li ntawd, lysaminalanine tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv cov dej hauv alkaline thaum muaj kev sov siab. Overheating, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntawm cov pH dua, yuav rasemize ib co amino acids tsim D-hom amino acids, uas zoo heev txo cov digestibility ntawm cov proteins. Lysine, arginine thiab histidine yog qhov feem ntau yooj yim rau cua sov. Lub tshuab enzymatic hydrolysis kinetics ntawm cov hnyuv ntawm cov tsiaj nyhuv (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) thiab crucian carp (Carassius auratus) ua ntej thiab tom qab nqos tau txiav txim los ntawm Wang Lin et al. Cov txiaj ntsig pom tau tias qhov kev nqus tau puffing muaj feem xyuam rau qhov muaj zog ntawm cov xuabmoos "enzymatic hydrolysis" ntawm xya cov khoom noj khoom haus, thiab qhov dej ntawm cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, cov nqaij ntses thiab cov nqaij thiab cov pob txha noj zaub mov poob tom qab nqos; qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm kev noj ntses ntawm rapeseed noj mov, kev noj zaub mov thiab pob kws muaj zog ntxiv tom qab Pu Qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm cov paj rwb ua noj ua ntej thiab tom qab extrusion tsis hloov pauv. Zhou Xinghua li al. kawm txog cov tshuaj hauv cov roj ntsha ntawm crude protein thiab cov khoom noj uas tsis yog phom sij los ntawm kev siv cov kev tshawb fawb zoo sib xws. Nws tau pom tias cov nqaij ntses tau ua lub luag haujlwm zoo hauv cov khoom noj uas muaj protein ntau thiab cov hmoov txhuv nplej siab siab, tab sis muaj feem xyuam rau cov protein ntau (tshwj tsis yog cov hmoov ua plaub). Yog li no, nqaij npuas noj mov, ntses pluas noj thiab nqaij thiab pob txha noj mov yuav tsum tsis pub nthuav rau hauv cov nqaij ntses noj. Tuyingchuan system tuaj yeem txau mus txog plaub hom kua los yog colloidal additives ntawm cov zaub mov noj tib lub sijhawm. Lub tshuaj txau yog 0.1-5 kg / t pub.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv tom kawg ntawm lub nplaim ntawd yog raug rau lwm yam, xws li ntim, tsheb thauj mus los, kub, lub teeb, cov pa thiab cov av noo, uas ua rau kom poob ntawm cov khoom no hauv cov txheej txheem cia hauv cov khoom qub. Yog li no, cov kev sib txuas ntxiv tom ntej ntawm kev siv dej yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kev xaiv cov kua tsis tsuas yog xam tias cov cheebtsam ntxiv yuav yog tusyees thiab tsis tuaj yeem faib hauv thiab tawm ntawm kev pub, tabsis tseem pom tias qhov kev ua kom muaj peev xwm nrog kev pub thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib puag ncig. Tsis tas li ntawd, ua rau cov tshuaj kub hnyiab los ntawm kev nkag los, kev sib txuas thiab kev xa tawm ntawm lub cev kuj yog siv los txhim kho thermal stability ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw. Yog tias cov tshuaj ntxiv tom qab hloov, kev sib kis ntawm cov tshuaj tuaj yeem txo thiab cov khoom zoo tuaj yeem kho tau. Tmuw Co., Ltd. nyob rau hauv teb chaws Aas Kiv muab cov hmoov ntawm pellet pub los ntawm ib tug syrup, uas tsis tsuas yog txo pellets. Plua plav paug ntawm pub kuj ua rau lub palatability ntawm pub vim hais tias syrup qhov ncauj qhov ntsim ntawm saj.